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L. T. Bugaenko.
High energy
chemistry. the experience of system analysis
Abstract
It was discussed
topics of formed for last decades very breit division of chemie – high energy
chemistry, which studies the chemical processes induced by unthermic energetic
agents such as ionizing radiation, light, electric field etc. External
demonstration of high energy chemistry is the formation of ions and excitated
molecules at the room temperature, at which these particles can not arise
because of Maxwell-Bolzman equilibrium.
It was systematised the unthermic energetical agents and chemical disciplins
arising owing to these energetic agent. It was shown that there are two groups
of energetical agents. The first delivers in own act of interaction the energy
which is more then kT (ionizing radiation, light etc). The second
delivers in own act of interaction the energy which is smaller then kT (electric
field, ultrasound etc), but the stream of this energetic agent is so greit that
in the substence is forming the ions
and excited molecules. The processes of high energy chemistry have three
stages: 1) the interaction of energetic agents with substance with formation of
primary intermediates; 2) the nano- and picosecond transformation of primary intermediates to second and third
intermediates (the stage of “hot spot”, so as the enrgetic distribution in the
substance is ungomogeneous, and on this stage the unusual for the thermal
chemistry intermediates take part) and 3) chemical stage which flow at time
more microsecond and in which take part excited molecules, ions and radicals
habitual for thermal chemistry (the difference of this stage from thermic is that the concentrarion of intemediates on
more order bigger than following from Maxwell-Bolzman equilibrium). It
discussed some question of high energy chemistry.
Copyright (C) Chemistry Dept., Moscow State University, 2002
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